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Country overview

Iran is located in the Middle East, bounded by Turkmenistan and the Caspian Sea, Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Oman, Iraq and Turkey. The centre and east of the country is largely barren desert with mountainous regions in the west.

Tehran, the capital, is essentially a modern city, but the best of the old has been preserved. The Shahid Motahari Mosque has eight minarets, from which the city can be viewed. The Bazaar is one of the world's largest. More traditional towns, such as Rey, Varamin, Qazvin and Shemshak are within easy reach of Tehran.

The town of Tabriz is known for its restored blue mosque built in 1465. The covered Qaisariyeh Bazaar dates back to the 15th century. The Golden Triangle is the name popularly given to the region enclosed by the ancient cities of Hamadan, Kermanshahan and Khorrambabad.

For many centuries the Silk Road passed through the pleasant rolling countryside of the region. Local dishes include chelo khoresh (rice topped with vegetables and meat in a nut sauce) and morgh polo (chicken and pilau rice).

 

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Known as Persia until 1935, Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979 after the ruling monarchy was overthrown and the shah was forced into exile. Conservative clerical forces established a theocratic system of government with ultimate political authority nominally vested in a learned religious scholar. Iranian-US relations have been strained since a group of Iranian students seized the US Embassy in Tehran on 4 November 1979 and held it until 20 January 1981. During 1980-88, Iran fought a bloody, indecisive war with Iraq that eventually expanded into the Persian Gulf and led to clashes between US Navy and Iranian military forces between 1987-1988. Iran has been designated a state sponsor of terrorism for its activities in Lebanon and elsewhere in the world and remains subject to US economic sanctions and export controls because of its continued involvement. Following the elections of a reformist president and Majlis in the late 1990s, attempts to foster political reform in response to popular dissatisfaction floundered as conservative politicians prevented reform measures from being enacted, increased repressive measures, and made electoral gains against reformers. Parliamentary elections in 2004 and the August 2005 inauguration of a conservative stalwart as president, completed the reconsolidation of conservative power in Iran's government.

Related iran un articles

Iran steps up enrichment work in defiance of UN resolution (AFP via Yahoo! Asia News)

TEHRAN (AFP) - Iranian scientists have begun feeding gas into a second cascade of centrifuges to enrich uranium, defying UN threats of sanctions over Iran's nuclear programme, a news agency has reported.

Iran steps up enrichment work despite UN warning (Hindustan Times)

Iranian scientists have begun feeding gas into a second cascade of centrifuges to enrich uranium, defying UN threats of sanctions over Iran's nuclear programme, the ISNA news agency reported on Friday.

Iran steps up enrichment work in defiance of UN resolution (TODAYonline)

An Iranian military helicopter flies over a nuclear power plant in Natanz, March 2005. Iranian scientists have begun feeding gas into a second cascade of centrifuges to enrich uranium, defying UN threats of sanctions over Iran's nuclear programme, a news agency has reported.

Iran steps up enrichment work in defiance of UN resolution (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)

Iranian scientists have begun feeding gas into a second cascade of centrifuges to enrich uranium, defying United Nations (UN) threats of sanctions over Iran's nuclear program, the ISNA news agency says.

Draft UN resolution seeks tough sanctions against Iran (Navhind Times)

United Nations, Oct 27: After nearly two months of hard negotiations among themselves, the United States and three European nations are seeking to curb Iran’s uranium conversion and ballistic missile programmes by imposing tough targeted sanctions and other measures.

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